Table 1. Factor loadings for the 33-item Emotional Intelligence Scale for a single-factor and 6-factor model. Items Single-factor Model 6-factor Model Factor loading Error variance Factor loading Error variance Appraisal of others emotions By looking at their facial expressions, I recognize the emotions people are experiencing .48 .88 .69 .73 When another person tells me about an important event in his or her life, I almost feel as though I have experienced this event myself .37 .93 .48 .88 I know what other people are feeling just by looking at them .46 .89 .65 .75 It is difficult for me to understand why people feel the way they do .28 .96 .38 .92 I can tell how people are feeling by listening to the tone of their voice .45 .89 .64 .77 I find it hard to understand the non-verbal messages of other people* .32 .95 .47 .88 I am aware of the non-verbal messages other people send* .46 .89 .67 .74 Appraisal of own emotions I am aware of my emotions as I experience them .42 .91 .63 .78 I know why my emotions change .41 .91 .62 .79 I easily recognize my emotions as I experience them .50 .87 .72 .70 I am aware of the non-verbal messages I send to others* .45 .90 .64 .77 When I am faced with obstacles, I remember times I faced similar obstacles and overcame them* .51 .86 .67 .74 Regulation I have control over my emotions .40 .92 .51 .86 I seek out activities that make me happy .43 .90 .66 .72 Some of the major events of my life have led me to re-evaluate what is important and not important* .38 .93 .50 .87 I motivate myself by imagining a good outcome to tasks I take on* .60 .80 .78 .62 I know when to speak about my personal problems to others* .37 .93 .50 .87 Social Skills I like to share my emotions with others .31 .95 .44 .89 I arrange events others enjoy .39 .92 .52 .86 I help other people feel better when they are down .55 .83 .70 .71 Other people find it easy to confide in me* .40 .92 .56 .83 I compliment others when they have done something well* .52 .86 .66 .75 Utilization of emotions When my mood changes, I see new possibilities .44 .90 .51 .86 When I experience a positive emotion, I know how to make it last .41 .91 .47 .88 When I am in a positive mood, solving problems is easy for me .50 .87 .59 .80 When I am in a positive mood, I am able to come up with new ideas .51 .86 .58 .81 When I feel a change in emotions, I tend to come up with new ideas .42 .91 .49 .87 I use good moods to help myself keep trying in the face of obstacles .59 .81 .67 .74 I present myself in a way that makes a good impression on others* .45 .90 .54 .84 Optimism Emotions are one of the things that make my life worth living .31 .95 .51 .86 When I am faced with a challenge, I give up because I believe I will fail* .39 .92 .60 .80 I expect that I will do well on most things I try* .38 .93 .64 .77 I expect good things to happen* .35 .94 .58 .82 * Item lacks emotional content and removed from the revised model.