Table 4. Bilaterally averaged values for isokinetic peak torque (Nm) and reciprocal strength ratios and ANOVA results for the differences between the three PTA groups in professional soccer players (N=100).
Type of contraction (testing speed) Professional Training Age (PTA) ANOVA
(linear)
ANOVA
(quadratic)
ANOVA
(omnibus)
5-7 years
(N=34)
8-10 years
(N=30)
≥ 11 years
(N=36)
F p F p F p
Knee Extension Con60 231.35 247.85 237.65 .67 .20 3.25 .04 3.16 .04
Con 180 162.9 172.8 168.2 .92 .16 1.95 .08 1.41 .12
Con 300 132.45 137.2 135.9 .66 .20 .60 .22 .75 .23
Ecc60 304.45 319.25 311.65 .29 .29 .86 .17 .57 .28
Ecc 180 283.75 300.7 293.7 .60 .21 1.02 .15 .80 .22
Flexion Con 60 129.5 140.5 139.1 3.27 .04 1.85 .08 2.53 .04
Con 180 99.35 107.95 106.15 3.21 .04 2.28 .06 2.71 .03
Con 300 89.5 98.4 94.25 1.80 .09 2.20 .07 1.44 .12
Ecc 60 183.3 190.95 201.3 3.77 .02 .18 .33 1.96 .07
Ecc 180 179.35 188.45 194.05 3.16 .03 .06 .40 1.61 .10
Ankle Dorsal Con 60 23.05 24.555 22.4 .32 .28 3.13 .04 1.74 .09
flexion Ecc 60 49.65 50.55 48.45 .30 .29 .80 .18 .56 .28
Plantar Con 60 109.8 120.7 119.9 3.87 .02 1.17 .14 2.49 .04
Flexion Ecc 60 209.3 216.15 210 .00 .49 .52 .23 .26 .38
KneeStrength Ratios Conv. ratio 60 deg/sec .555 .570 .585 2.04 .07 .00 .48 1.02 .18
180 deg/sec .605 .625 .630 1.52 .11 .20 .32 .86 .21
300 deg/sec .675 .705 .695 .77 .19 1.19 .13 .96 .19
Funct. ratio 60 deg/sec .790 .800 .855 2.77 .05 .62 .21 1.69 .09
180 deg/sec 1.100 1.095 1.155 1.60 .10 .55 .22 1.09 .16
Con = Concentric, Ecc = Eccentric, Conv = Conventional concentric knee ratio (Concentric Knee Flexion/Concentric Knee Extension), Funct = Functional knee ratio (Eccentric Knee Flexion/ Concentric Knee Extension).