Table 1.
.
Test
GPS
χ (m)
SD (m)
TE (m)
CI 95%
Bias (%)
SEM (%)
15 m
mean
13.2
1.4
.2
13.6
12.9
11.9
10.9
1
11.1
1.1
.4
11.8
10.3
26.3
9.6
2
13.1
.6
.2
13.5
12.6
12.8
4.6
3
11.5
.5
.1
11.6
11.4
23.5
4.5
4
12.9
.4
.2
13.2
12.5
14.3
3.4
5
14.6
.7
.3
15.2
14.1
2.4
5.1
6
13.6
.7
.2
14.1
13.2
9.1
4.8
7
14.5
.7
.3
15.0
14.0
3.3
5.1
8
14.9
.9
.3
15.5
14.3
0.8
5.8
9
12.7
.5
.2
13.1
12.4
15.0
3.8
30 m
mean
28.1
1.4
.3
28.4
27.7
6.5
5.1
1
26.1
.6
.3
26.6
25.6
13.1
2.4
2
27.4
1.8
.8
28.8
25.9
8.8
6.7
3
27.2
.8
.1
27.5
27.0
9.2
3.0
4
27.9
.5
.2
28.3
27.5
6.9
1.8
5
28.7
.8
.3
29.3
28.0
4.4
2.9
6
28.6
.7
.3
29.2
28.0
4.7
2.5
7
28.9
.5
.2
29.3
28.6
3.5
1.7
8
30.3
.9
.4
31.1
29.6
-1.1
3.1
9
27.4
.7
.3
28.0
26.9
8.6
2.4
Note: χ (mean), m (meters), SD (standard deviation), TE (typical error), CV (coefficient of variation), 95% confidence interval (CI95%), SEM (standard error of measurement); n = 63 (15 m test), n = 54 (30 m test).