Table 2.
Changes of physiological and performance parameters from pre- to post-training of the hypoxic and normoxic training group. Data are presented as means (±SD).
HG (n = 7)
NG (n = 6)
ANOVA
pre
post
pre
post
main effect
(training)
interaction
(training x group)
VO
2max
(ml/min
-1
/kg
-1
)
45.4 (10.1)
50.0 (9.8)
*
48.1 (12.4)
50.1 (9.3)
.003
.146
VO
2max
(ml/min
-1
)
2905(925)
3183(919)
*
3234 (1143)
3380(943)
.004
.284
Maximal O
2
-pulse (ml/beat)
15.4 (4.7)
17.0 (4.3)
*
18.9 (6.6)
18.3 (5.0)
.256
.040
§
O
2
-pulse
sub-max 150
(ml/beat)
13.1 (2.7)
14.4 (2.2)
*
15.3 (3.3)
14.7 (2.8)
.471
.078
§§
O
2
-pulse
sub-max 100
(ml/beat)
11.3 (2.8)
11.5 (2.3)
12.6 (3.9)
13.3 (2.1)
.407
.538
§
EqO
2sub-max 150
26(4)
25(4)
23(1)
25(2)
.543
.008
§§
EqO
2sub-max 100
24(3)
24(3)
22(2)
23(2)
.292
.348
W
max
(Watt)
231(74)
251(75)
**
248(68)
277(68)
*
≤.001
.277
W
max
/BW (Watt/kg)
3.6 (.8)
3.9 (.9)
**
3.8 (.9)
4.1 (.7)
*
≤.001
.946
HR
max
(bpm)
190(12)
189(12)
180(9)
185(7)
.234
.081
§
HR
sub-max 150
(bpm)
160(22)
154(18)
144(10)
147(21)
.679
.332
§§
HR
sub-max 100
(bpm)
143(27)
141(19)
130(20)
124(11)
.679
.332
§
BF
sub-max 150
(ml/min
-1
)
27(8)
27(6)
27(4)
30(4)
.142
.142
§§
BF
sub-max 100
(ml/min
-1
)
25(8)
24(8)
25(5)
25(2)
.897
.897
Weight (kg)
62.9 (7.5)
62.6 (7.5)
66.9 (12.7)
67.4 (12.3)
.694
.135
Hb (g/dl)
13.9 (.9)
13.0 (1.8)
12.6 (2.3)
13.1 (1.2)
.633
.168
La
max
(mmol/l)
8.9 (2.2)
9.1 (3.2)
9.7 (1.9)
11.5 (1.3)
.118
.211
RER
max
1.18 (.06)
1.19 (.06)
1.18 (.08)
1.20 (.06)
.470
.630
BF, breathing frequency; EqO
2
, ventilatory equivalent for oxygen; Hb, hemoglobin concentration; La
max
, maximal lactate; RER, respiratory exchange ratio; sub-max 100, submaximal responses to 100 watts; sub-max 150, submaximal responses to 150 watts.
*significant within-group changes from pre-to post-training (p ≤ 0.05).
** significant within-group changes from pre- to post-training (p ≤ 0.001).
§
sample size: NG= 4; HG= 6.
§§
sample size: NG=5; HG=7