Table 1.
Means (±SD) of knee kinematic and kinetic variables in three different running positions.
EXT
NORM
INT
Foot Progression Angle (°)
‡
25.53 (4.91)
a
11.22 (4.18)
b
-0.54 (5.21)
c
KAM (Nm/kg)
‡
1.25 (0.38)
a
1.33 (0.44)
b
1.21 (0.45)
a
LMF (N/kg)
‡
4.06 (1.03)
a
4.40 (1.14)
b
4.04 (1.21)
a
Knee ROM—Frontal (°)
‡
6.33 (2.63)
a
4.62 (1.92)
b
4.48 (1.98)
b
Knee ROM—Sagittal (°)
27.53 (4.85)
28.89 (4.68)
27.17 (4.95)
VGRF (x BW)
‡
2.48 (0.20)
a
2.56 (0.20)
b
2.57 (0.23)
b
Different superscript letters (“a” and “b”) represent a difference between conditions (p < 0.05)
‡ = significant main effect for this variable (p < 0.05)