Table 2. Hydration variables in three different interventions.
CMR
DWL
DAL
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
pa
pb
pc
Weight (Mean±SD)
73.0 ± 8.1
71.7 ± 7.9
72.5 ± 7.7
72.1 ± 7.5
72.4 ± 7.5
71.5 ± 7.4
< .001
.065
< .001
Diff. ± SE (IC95%)
-1.3 ± 0.1 (-1.5 at -1.1)
-0.4 ± 0.1 (-0.7 at -0.2)
-1.0 ± 0.1 (-1.3 at -0.7)
pd
< .001
< .001
< .001
Urine Color (Mean±SD)
3.3 ± 1.3
5.3 ± 1.8
2.6 ± 1.5
3.6 ± 1.6
3.1 ± 1.2
4.5 ± 1.5
< .001
.072
.187
Diff. ± SE (IC95%)
2.0 ± 0.6 (0.9 at 3.1)
1.0 ± 0.1 (0.8 at 1.3)
1.5 ± 0.3 (0.9 at 2.0)
pd
< .001
< .001
< .001
Urine pH (Mean±SD)
6.5 ± 0.5
6.2 ± 0.2
6.4 ± 0.3
6.5 ± 0.3
6.5 ± 0.6
6.4 ± 0.2
.016
.525
.027
Diff. ± SE (IC95%)
-0.3 ± 0.1 (-0.6 at -0.1)
0.1 ± 0.1 (-0.1 at 0.2)
-0.1 ± 0.2 (-0.4 at 0.3)
pd
.003
.289
.759
Urine density (Mean±SD)
1.1 ± 0.1
1.1 ± 0.1
1.1 ± 0.1
1.1 ± 0.1
1.1 ± 0.1
1.1 ± 0.1
.283
.267
.633
Diff. ± SE (IC95%)
-0.1 ± 0.1 (-0.1 at 0.1)
0.1 ± 0.1 (-0.1 at 0.1)
-0.1 ± 0.001 (-0.1 at 0.1)
pd
.458
1.00
.210
CMR = carbohydrate mouth rinse. DWL = drinking to replace all the weight lost. DAL = drinking “ad libitum”. Analyzed data according to GEE. Diff = Difference between times; SE = standard error