Table 2.
Effects of a 6-week flywheel resistance exercise training program on postural balance and mobility in older adults (n=34).
ETG
CON
Pretest
(Mean ± SD)
Postest
(Mean ± SD)
P
*
Pretest
(Mean ± SD)
Postest
(Mean ± SD)
P
*
P
‡
Between-group differences (95% CI)
TUG (s)
6.25 ± 1.38
5.42 ± 0.74
<0.01
*
6.24 ± 1.02
6.08 ± 0.86
.482
.023
‡
-.68 (-1.25 to -.98)
OE_COP (mm)
13.26 ± 4.45
13.50 ± 3.73
.708
13.70 ± 3.95
14.91 ± 4.29
.099
.309
-.97 (-2.89 to .94)
OE_AP (mm)
6.26 ± 4.11
4.58 ± 1.51
.050
*
6.47 ± 3.02
7.70 ± 3.95
.028
*
.004
‡
-2.90 (-4.82 to -.99)
OE_ML (mm)
11.48 ± 5.44
11.63 ±3.36
.844
10.79 ± 2.86
11.15 ± 3.20
.461
.819
-.21 (-2.06 to 1.64)
CE_COP (mm)
20.94 ± 6.70
19.74 ± 5.43
.081
18.87 ± 5.30
17.96 ± 3.75
.242
.705
-.40 (-2.51 to 1.72)
CE_AP (mm)
7.34 ± 3.13
6.76 ± 2.61
.337
6.69 ± 2.26
6.83 ± 2.00
.777
.351
-.72 (-2.28 to .83)
CE_ML (mm)
17.89 ± 5.80
17.99 ± 5.84
.920
15.21 ± 4.77
15.05 ±4.05
.479
.635
.57 (-1.86 to 3.01)
CT_COP (mm)
13.85 ± 4.82
14.38 ± 3.69
.382
14.30 ± 5.26
14.56 ± 3.98
.818
.640
.74 (-2.46 to 3.95)
CT_AP (mm)
5.41 ± 1.84
5.27 ± 1.82
.792
6.14 ± 3.40
6.54 ± 2.91
.604
.561
-.54 (-2.41 to 1.33)
CT_ML (mm)
11.06 ± 4.32
11.42 ± 2.79
.630
10.92 ± 3.14
11.31 ±3.15
.826
.632
.56 (-1.81 to 2.93)
TUG: Timed up and go test; COP: center of pressure excursions; OE: Open eyes; CE: Closed eyes; CT: Cognitive Task; AP: antero-posterior axis; ML: medio-lateral axis. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05).
* Within-group differences, P value from 1-way ANOVA (time factor).
‡ Between-groups differences, P value from 2x2 (GroupxTime) ANOVA with repeated measurements for the time factor.