Table 8. Comparison of the stroke effect of pre- and posttest between male and female participants within different groups. Variables Pretest Posttest EG CG EG CG Male Female p Male Female p Male Female p Male Female p Large area 10.57±3.77 13.63±4.93 0.066 14.63±5.01 11.36±4.37 0.070 18.21±2.80 18.94±3.45 0.538 18.19±2.17 17.80±2.48 0.069 Small area 0.57±0.93 0.69±0.87 0.730 0.81±1.32 1.00±1.17 0.687 3.64±1.01 3.69±1.35 0.920 2.25±0.77 2.71±1.43 0.294 Out 14.86±4.41 15.94±7.04 0.638 13.69±3.98 14.43±4.01 0.618 11.64±2.49 12.00±2.76 0.832 12.63±4.48 10.57±3.15 0.164 Net 3.29±2.23 2.25±3.55 0.355 4.00±5.31 4.07±3.46 0.996 2.79±2.45 1.69±2.15 0.207 3.8±2.68 3.21±3.55 0.892 Miss 0.71±0.82 1.50±2.12 0.206 1.31±1.35 1.21±0.89 0.819 0.64±0.74 0.69±0.79 0.875 0.50±0.51 0.57±0.75 0.762 Racket-edge stroke 1.00±1.41 0.94±1.06 0.894 1.44±2.92 0.64±1.08 0.345 0.57±0.64 0.50±0.63 0.763 0.63±0.61 0.43±0.64 0.404 Ball speed 25.91±2.11 25.11±2.90 0.398 25.64±2.77 25.14±2.14 0.583 27.39±1.75 26.63±2.37 0.331 26.66±2.15 26.39±1.74 0.716 EG = Experimental group, CG = Control group