| SLR test (°) |
66.6 ± 13.6 |
67.1 ± 12.9 |
70.0 ± 17.2 |
75.5 ± 12.9 |
72.7 ± 13.8 |
73.1 ± 14.3 |
| Passive KE test (°) |
155.5 ± 8.7 |
154.1 ± 10.9 |
155.4 ± 11.2 |
162.5 ± 8.6 |
157.4 ± 10.2 |
156.1 ± 11.9 |
| Passive torque (Nm) |
| at -90 ° |
1.6 ± 1.0 |
0.9 ± 0.5 |
1.1 ± 0.9 |
0.9 ± 0.9 |
0.9 ± 0.8 |
0.9 ± 0.9 |
| at -80 ° |
3.4 ± 1.1 |
2.3 ± 1.1 |
2.8 ± 1.2 |
2.7 ± 1.0 |
2.2 ± 1.5 |
2.5 ± 0.9 |
| at -70 ° |
5.3 ± 1.3 |
4.2 ± 1.4 |
4.5 ± 1.4 |
4.4 ± 1.1 |
3.9 ± 1.6 |
4.2 ± 1.0 |
| at -60 ° |
7.2 ± 1.8 |
5.9 ± 1.7 |
6.1 ± 1.7 |
6.1 ± 1.4 |
5.7 ± 2.1 |
5.8 ± 1.2 |
| at -50 ° |
9.2 ± 2.5 |
7.5 ± 1.9 |
7.8 ± 1.9 |
7.7 ± 1.6 |
7.5 ± 2.6 |
7.4 ± 1.6 |
| at -40 ° |
11.4 ± 3.4 |
9.5 ± 2.3 |
9.6 ± 2.4 |
9.5 ± 2.0 |
9.2 ± 3.0 |
9.1 ± 2.1 |
| at -30 ° |
14.0 ± 4.6 |
11.5 ± 2.9 |
11.7 ± 3.1 |
11.5 ± 2.5 |
11.2 ± 3.6 |
11.1 ± 2.5 |
| at -20 ° |
17.8 ± 6.2 |
14.1 ± 3.3 |
14.6 ± 4.0 |
14.6 ± 3.2 |
13.8 ± 4.3 |
13.8 ± 3.3 |
| at -10 ° |
23.3 ± 8.5 |
18.4 ± 4.2 |
19.0 ± 5.3 |
19.4 ± 4.4 |
17.6 ± 5.4 |
18.0 ± 4.5 |
| at end-ROM ° |
30.8 ± 7.1 |
27.7 ± 5.2 |
28.6 ± 7.3 |
32.3 ± 7.3 |
26.9 ± 5.5 |
27.0 ± 7.1 |
| Passive stiffness (Nm/°) |
0.4 ± 0.2 |
0.3 ± 0.1 |
0.3 ± 0.1 |
0.3 ± 0.1 |
0.3 ± 0.1 |
0.3 ± 0.1 |
| Fascicle length (mm) |
49.9 ± 20.7 |
54.2 ± 13.7 |
63.3 ± 23.1 |
51.8 ± 18.7 |
57.6 ± 18.8 |
58.3 ± 20.5 |
| Maximal isometric knee flexion (%BW) |
63.8 ± 22.3 |
67.6 ± 17.5 |
64.5 ± 17.4 |
66.3 ± 21.4 |
68.1 ± 17.7 |
59.9 ± 16.0 |
| RFD (Nm/kg/s) |
| 0-50 msec |
2.8 ± 1.2 |
2.7 ± 1.2 |
2.7 ± 1.1 |
2.7 ± 1.4 |
2.5 ± 1.2 |
2.4 ± 0.9 |
| 0-100 msec |
3.0 ± 1.1 |
2.9 ± 1.0 |
2.8 ± 0.9 |
2.8 ± 1.2 |
2.7 ± 0.9 |
2.5 ± 0.8 |
| 0-150 msec |
2.7 ± 1.0 |
2.6 ± 0.8 |
2.5 ± 0.8 |
2.6 ± 0.9 |
2.5 ± 0.8 |
2.2 ± 0.7 |
| 0-200 msec |
2.3 ± 0.8 |
2.3 ± 0.7 |
2.2 ± 0.7 |
2.3 ± 0.8 |
2.2 ± 0.7 |
1.9 ± 0.6 |
| Maximal eccentric knee extension (%BW) |
200.8 ± 54.1 |
197.3 ± 58.4 |
200.5 ± 44.1 |
228.6 ± 55.6 |
195.7 ± 55.3 |
206.7 ± 45.2 |
| Maximal eccentric knee flexion (%BW) |
114.8 ± 28.4 |
116.3 ± 26.9 |
112.2 ± 26.6 |
124.3 ± 32.0 |
116.8 ± 25.9 |
107.6 ± 27.6 |
| Muscle activity (mv) |
| BFlh in isometric contraction |
0.2 ± 0.1 |
0.3 ± 0.1 |
0.3 ± 0.1 |
0.2 ± 0.1 |
0.3 ± 0.1 |
0.2 ± 0.1 |
| ST in isometric contraction |
0.4 ± 0.1 |
0.4 ± 0.2 |
0.4 ± 0.1 |
0.4 ± 0.2 |
0.4 ± 0.2 |
0.4 ± 0.2 |
| BFlh in eccentric contraction |
0.3 ± 0.2 |
0.3 ± 0.2 |
0.3 ± 0.1 |
0.3 ± 0.2 |
0.3 ± 0.2 |
0.3 ± 0.1 |
| ST in eccentric contraction |
0.4 ± 0.2 |
0.4 ± 0.2 |
0.4 ± 0.1 |
0.4 ± 0.2 |
0.4 ± 0.3 |
0.4 ± 0.1 |