Table 2.
Normalized EMG values (percent of maximal voluntary isometric contraction) in the three exercises.
Leg press
Kickback
Knee extension
p
value
Effect size
Gluteus maximus
88.0 (47.7-128.3)
77.0 (53.4-100.7)
.
0.898
0.08
Biceps femoris
30.6 (19.7-41. 4)
106.5 (72.4-140.7)
.
<0.001
*
2.27
Vastus lateralis
105.5 (92.7-118.3)
.
87.9 (79.7-96.2)
0.003
*
0.92
Vastus medialis
92.9 (75.0-110.8)
.
78.8 (67.5-90.1)
0.025
0.56
Rectus femoris
69.5 (57.7-84.2)
.
93.8 (81.8-105.8)
0.002
*
0.93
Values are given as mean (95% confidence interval) with p-value and Cohen’s d effect size for the between-exercise difference.
* = statistically significant difference (p < 0.01)