Table 1. Peak internal rotation and adduction moments of the lead knee and club variables for the forward/backward (F/B) and toward/away from the target (T/A) ball positions (see Figure 1) (mean ± SD). Ball positions Peak knee internal rotation moment (Nm/kg) Internal (–) Peak knee adduction moment (Nm/kg) Adduction (+) Clubhead speed at impact (m/s) Club path at impact (m/s) In-out (+) Ball positions F/B BF – 0.26 ± 0.09* 0.8 ± 0.17 34.8 ± 2.4 1.64 ± 1.6 BH – 0.28 ± 0.09 0.81 ± 0.17 35.1 ± 2.2 1.71 ± 1.7 R0 – 0.3 ± 0.08 0.85 ± 0.15 35.3 ± 2.0 1.30 ± 1.6 FH – 0.31 ± 0.09 0.82 ± 0.16 35.5 ± 2.4 1.55 ± 1.3 FF – 0.32 ± 0.08 0.86 ± 0.17 35.4 ± 2.4 1.42 ± 1.4 p-value < 0.001 0.03 0.03 0.35 T/A TF – 0.32 ± 0.09 0.89 ± 0.2 35.3 ± 2.4 1.16 ± 1.6 TH – 0.31 ± 0.09 0.9 ± 0.18 35.3 ± 2.1 1.06 ± 1.4 R0 – 0.3 ± 0.08 0.85 ± 0.15 35.3 ± 2.0 1.30 ± 1.6 AH – 0.29 ± 0.08 0.81 ± 0.19 35.4 ± 2.0 1.81 ± 1.7 AF – 0.28 ± 0.08 0.75 ± 0.15* 35.3 ± 2.4 2.26 ± 1.6* p-value 0.01 < 0.001 0.97 < 0.001 * denote p < 0.0125 to R0. BF: backward-full, BH: backward-half, R0: reference, FH: forward-half, and FF: forward-full, TF: toward-full, TH: toward-half, AH: away-half, AF: away-full.