Table 2. Total error scores and total RMSacc data of sacral and shank.
CAI Control P value
Visual assessment, errors
Total BESS score 16.9 (4.5) 15.6 (5.8) 0.457
Firm BESS score 2.5 (2.0) 3.9 (3.9) 0.227
Foam BESS score 14.4 (3.7) 11.7 (3.4) 0.039*
Accelerometer assessment, m/s2
Total RMSacc of sacral 2.68 (0.56) 3.11 (1.23) 0.215
Firm RMSacc of sacral 0.75 (0.25) 0.78 (0.42) 0.814
Foam RMSacc of sacral 1.93 (0.54) 2.33 (0.94) 0.151
Total RMSacc of shank 3.76 (1.29) 3.46 (1.11) 0.478
Firm RMSacc of shank 0.93 (0.52) 0.79 (0.26) 0.366
Foam RMSacc of shank 2.84 (1.12) 2.67 (0.94) 0.641
Mean (standard deviation). CAI: chronic ankle instability, RMS: root mean square.
* significant difference between the CAI and control groups.