Supplementary material 2.
Assessments of risk of bias for each included study.
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q5
Q6
Q7
Q8
Q9
Q10
Q11
Q12
Q13
Q14
Q15
Q16
Q17
Q18
Q19
Q20
Q21
Q22
Q23
Q24
Q25
Q26
Q27
Score
Ahmadabadi et al. (2015b)
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
N/A
1
N/A
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
15
Dallas et al. (
2014b
)
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
N/A
1
N/A
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
15
Dallas et al. (
2014a
)
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
N/A
1
N/A
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
14
Dallas et al. (
2021
)
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
N/A
1
N/A
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
16
Di Cagno et al. (
2010
)
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
N/A
1
N/A
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
15
Manso et al. (
2015
)
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
N/A
1
N/A
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
14
Johnson et al. (
2019
)
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
N/A
1
N/A
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
17
Kinser et al. (
2008
)
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
N/A
1
N/A
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
16
McNeal and Sands (
2003
)
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
N/A
1
N/A
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
14
McNeal et al. (
2011
)
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
N/A
1
N/A
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
15
Melocchi et al. (
2021
)
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
N/A
1
N/A
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
15
Montalvo and Dorgo (
2020
)
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
N/A
1
N/A
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
15
Papia et al. (
2018
)
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
N/A
1
N/A
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
15
Sands et al. (
2006
)
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
N/A
1
N/A
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
15
Sands et al. (
2008
)
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
N/A
1
N/A
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
15
Siatras et al. (2003b)
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
N/A
1
N/A
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
14
Siatras (
2014
)
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
N/A
1
N/A
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
14
Zaggelidou et al. (
2023
)
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
N/A
1
N/A
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
14
Van Zyl et al. (
2011
)
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
N/A
1
N/A
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
16
1: Yes; 2: No; N/A: not applicable; Q; number of the question presented in Downs & Black quality checklist (Downs and Black, 1998)