Table 1. Mean (± SD) data assessed during the resisted swimming tests (semi-tethered and full tethered swimming).
v
(m.s-1)
External Load
(N)
SF
(cycles.min-1)
DaST
(N)
kaST
(kg.m-1)
2.22 (± 0.07) [vMAX] 0.0 [FST] 59.6 (± 3.5) 186.8 (± 13.2) 37.9 (± 2.0)
1.70 (± 0.14) [vST] 66.0 [FST] 59.9 (± 3.7) 120.8 (± 13.2) 41.9 (± 5.5)
1.55 (± 0.12) [vST] 90.0 [FST] 60.2 (± 3.3) 96.8 (± 13.2) 40.3 (± 5.2)
1.36 (± 0.15) [vST] 115.0 [FST] 60.2 (± 3.6) 71.8 (± 13.2) 39.4 (± 9.1)
1.19 (± 0.18) [vST] 135.0 [FST] 60.4 (± 3.9) 51.8 (± 13.2) 37.5 (± 11.4)
1.00 (± 0.19) [vST] 160.0 [FST] 60.8 (± 4.1) 26.8 (± 13.2) 27.0 (± 14.7) *
0.00 [vT] 186.8 (± 13.2) [FT] 60.5 (± 3.1) 0.0 -
Active drag was calculated, at each load, as: DaST = (FT - FST). Active drag coefficient was calculated as kaST = DaST / vST2. v: swimmer’s velocity; vMAX: maximal free-swimming velocity; vST: swimming velocity during semi-tethered swimming; FST: the external load during semi-tethered swimming; FT: the external load during full-tethered swimming; SF: stroke frequency; DaST: active drag, as determined by means of the “residual thrust method”; kaST: active drag coefficient, as determined by means of the “residual thrust method”;
* significantly different from all other conditions of kaST.