Table 2. Descriptive statistics (mean ± standard deviation) for the main outcomes measured at four assessment points
in the MTDN and CG groups. |
|
MTDN (n
= 15) |
CG (n =
15) |
p-value |
ES
(d) |
| Muscle
Tone (Hz) |
Rest |
19.6 ±
0.8 |
19.5 ±
0.6 |
0.615 |
0.14, trivial |
| After
1st session |
17.7
± 0.6 |
18.4
± 0.8 |
0.007 |
1.00,
moderate |
| After
3rd session |
16.4 ±
0.7 |
17.3 ±
0.5 |
*<0.001 |
1.50, large |
| Post
72h |
16.1
± 0.6 |
16.9
± 0.7 |
0.002 |
1.23,
large |
| Muscle
Stiffness (N/m) |
Rest |
1.83 ±
0.12 |
1.83 ±
0.10 |
0.924 |
0.00, trivial |
| After
1st session |
1.64
± 0.09 |
1.77
± 0.10 |
0.001 |
1.37,
large |
| After
3rd session |
1.56 ±
0.09 |
1.70 ±
0.07 |
*<0.001 |
1.75, large |
| Post
72h |
1.40
± 0.07 |
1.56
± 0.06 |
*<0.001 |
2.45,
very large |
| PPT
(N/cm) |
Rest |
76.9 ±
7.6 |
78.9 ±
5.8 |
0.424 |
0.30, small |
| After
1st session |
80.2
± 7.3 |
83.7
± 5.6 |
0.149 |
0.54,
small |
| After
3rd session |
87.9 ±
6.0 |
86.7 ±
3.8 |
0.537 |
0.24, small |
| Post
72h |
95.9
± 3.7 |
88.5
± 4.5 |
*<0.001 |
1.80,
large |
| Fmax
(kgf) |
Rest |
30.1 ±
5.1 |
32.3 ±
4.4 |
0.210 |
0.46, small |
| After
1st session |
32.1
± 4.6 |
33.0
± 4.2 |
0.550 |
0.20,
small |
| After
3rd session |
34.8 ±
4.9 |
34.2 ±
3.9 |
0.706 |
0.14, trivial |
| Post
72h |
35.5
± 4.8 |
35.1
± 4.3 |
0.791 |
0.09,
trivial |
| Lateral-Flexion
ROM (º) |
Rest |
36.9 ±
2.7 |
37.3 ±
2.1 |
0.713 |
0.17, trivial |
| After
1st session |
39.0
± 2.4 |
39.9
± 1.9 |
0.348 |
0.42,
small |
| After
3rd session |
41.7 ±
2.1 |
41.7 ±
1.7 |
0.975 |
0.00, trivial |
| Post
72h |
43.7
± 0.9 |
42.9
± 1.5 |
0.142 |
1.01,
moderate |
| Rotation
ROM (º) |
Rest |
40.8 ±
2.6 |
40.1 ±
2.6 |
0.535 |
0.27, small |
| After
1st session |
43.8
± 2.7 |
43.0
± 2.8 |
0.504 |
0.29,
small |
| After
3rd session |
46.6 ±
2.4 |
46.9 ±
1.9 |
0.784 |
0.14, trivial |
| Post
72h |
50.5
± 1.8 |
50.6
± 3.1 |
0.896 |
0.04,
trivial |
|
MTDN: manual therapy + dry needling; CG: control group; Fmax: maximal force; ROM: range of motion;
PPT: pressure pain threshold; ES: Effect size; |
*: significantly differences between groups (p < 0.05). |
|