Table 2.
Descriptive statistics for the three groups at both assessment time points, covering the evaluated health and physical fitness parameters.
TC3d pre
TC3d post
TC5d pre
TC5d post
Control pre
Control post
Diastolic BP (mmHg)
74.1 ± 10.7
71.1 ± 8.7
73.9 ± 6.5
72.3 ± 6.4
74.1 ± 10.0
74.9 ± 10.6
Systolic BP (mmHg)
129.9 ± 10.5
124.7 ± 8.4
130.9 ± 6.3
127.7 ± 5.9
130.1 ± 10.4
129.7 ± 10.4
MOCA (score)
24.1 ± 2.7
28.8 ± 3.4
24.3 ± 3.0
29.0 ± 3.1
25.6 ± 3.0
24.2 ± 4.2
PSS (score)
33.4 ± 7.0
30.1 ± 4.0
33.5 ± 6.9
27.2 ± 3.0
35.7 ± 4.8
34.9 ± 4.2
Arm curl (n)
17.5 ± 4.4
23.1 ± 4.9
18.7 ± 3.8
24.5 ± 4.1
19.8 ± 4.3
19.5 ± 5.1
Handgrip (kg)
26.4 ± 8.2
28.4 ± 7.8
27.9 ± 11.2
31.9 ± 10.2
24.4 ± 7.2
21.4 ± 7.1
Chair stand (n)
17.6 ± 1.9
19.7 ± 2.7
17.8 ± 3.0
21.5 ± 4.0
17.3 ± 4.6
16.2 ± 4.5
Sit and reach (cm)
2.1 ± 6.0
3.8 ± 5.7
2.0 ± 2.1
4.1 ± 3.6
2.6 ± 5.3
1.8 ± 5.5
Back scratch (cm)
-6.0 ± 4.8
-2.6 ± 4.2
-5.3 ± 5.3
-2.0 ± 4.4
-4.4 ± 3.7
-4.1 ± 3.6
8-foot up and go (s)
5.1 ± 0.7
4.7 ± 0.5
5.3 ± 0.8
4.6 ± 0.7
5.2 ± 1.6
5.6 ± 1.5
Walk test (m)
530.4 ± 84.3
567.4 ± 42.3
524.5 ± 61.9
550.1 ± 48.0
527.6 ± 47.8
508.2 ± 65.8
PSS: Perceived Stress Scale; TC3d: Tai chi training 3 days/week; TC5d: Tai chi training 5 days/week.