Table 1. Characteristics of the study participant demographics. Variable BFRTg (n = 16) non-BFRTg (n = 12) p-value Physical characteristics Age (years) 56.3 ± 5.7 58.8 ± 7.4 0.333 Height (cm) 172.1 ± 7.4 169.6 ± 4.5 0.314 Weight (kg) 69.9 ± 8.3 66.3 ± 8.4 0.280 BMI (m2/kg) 23.6 ± 2.5 23.0 ± 2.6 0.574 Disease 7 (43.8%) 4 (33.3%) 0.791 Hypertension 5 (31.3%) 3 (25.0%) 1.000 Dyslipidemia 1(6.3%) 1 (8.3%) 1.000 Diabetes 1 (6.3%) 0 (0%) 1.000 Exercise data Exercise history (yrs) 15.5 ± 6.8 18.2 ± 5.7 0.275 Marathon completed (numbers) 65.8 ± 56.8 53.9 ± 38.9 0.539 Marathon time (min) 233.3 ± 35.0 229.0 ± 37.8 0.754 Exercise time (min/day) 80.6 ± 34.1 83.3 ± 32.0 0.833 Exercise intensity (Borg’s scale) 14.3 ± 1.4 14.5 ± 0.9 0.791 Exercise frequency (weeks) 4.1 ± 1.5 4.1 ± 1.6 0.947 GXT HRrest (beats/min) 59.0 ± 7.7 57.0 ± 3.6 0.418 SBPrest (mmHg) 127.1 ± 12.1 124.1 ± 11.2 0.507 DBPrest (mmHg) 82.1 ± 8.9 78.7 ± 5.6 0.255 HRmax (beats/min) 161.6 ± 13.3 162.5 ± 7.1 0.835 SBPmax (mmHg) 223.5 ± 9.6 217.5 ± 7.0 0.080 DBPmax (mmHg) 93.8 ± 6.6 94.5 ± 9.2 0.821 TET (sec) 781.2 ± 117.1 808.3 ± 75.4 0.493 VO2max (ml/kg/min) 45.5 ± 9.5 47.8 ± 6.6 0.482 Values are presented as mean ± SD. BFRTg: blood flow restriction training group, BMI: body mass index, GXT: graded exercise test, HR: rest heart rate, SBP: systolic blood pressure, DBP: diastolic blood pressure, TET: total exercise time, VO2max: maximal oxygen uptake