Table 3. Summary of findings from variables excluded from meta-analyses on associations between hop test measures and return to sports. Study LSI Absolute value† Measure of hop test Height-normalized value† Body-mass-normalized value† Side-to-side difference Single-leg hop for distance Bodkin et al., 2022 -- ☒ IL: OR = 8.95 (0.80-100.5)‡; P = 0.076 ☒ ☒ Ithurburn et al., 2019 94.1 ± 6.4 vs. 93.8 ± 6.0; P > 0.05§ ☒ IL: P = 0.043¶ UL: P = 0.133¶ ☒ ☒ Jang et al., 2014 ☒ IL: 157.7 ± 23.6 vs. 153.9 ± 32.4; P = 0.877§ UL: 173.7 ± 19.6 vs. 173.3 ± 24.3; P = 0.959§ ☒ ☒ ☒ Kim et al., 2022 ☒ ☒ ☒ ☒ 6.8 ± 1.4 vs. 15.3 ± 6.1;P = 0.04§ Ohji et al., 2021b -- ☒ IL: 81.9 ± 13.2 vs. 73.5 ± 18.1; P = 0.025§ ☒ ☒ Senorski et al., 2017 ☒ ☒ ☒ IL: 2.04 ± 0.35 vs. 1.95 ± 0.3; P > 0.05§ UL: 2.1 ± 0.36 vs. 2.05 ± 0.42; P > 0.05§ ☒ Welling et al., 2020 -- IL: 163.7 ± 27.4 vs. 142.4 ± 35.6; P = 0.013§ UL: 168.8 ± 25.6 vs. 149.4 ± 29.5; P = 0.011§ ☒ ☒ ☒ Triple hop for distance Bodkin et al., 2022 -- ☒ IL: OR = 1.67 (0.76-3.64)‡; P = 0.200 ☒ ☒ Ithurburn et al., 2019 95.4 ± 6.3 vs. 95.1 ± 7.3; P > 0.05§ ☒ IL: P = 0.007¶ UL: P = 0.004¶ ☒ ☒ Welling et al., 2020 -- IL: 524.8 ± 84.4 vs. 469.3 ± 91.5; P = 0.024§ UL: 538.9 ± 81.2 vs. 487.4 ± 75.2; P = 0.023§ ☒ ☒ ☒ Triple crossover hop for distance Ithurburn et al., 2019 95.3 ± 7.6 vs. 93.5 ± 13.2; P > 0.05§ ☒ IL: P = 0.033¶ UL: P = 0.037¶ ☒ ☒ 6-meter timed hop Bodkin et al., 2022 -- IL: OR = 0.80 (0.52-1.24)‡; P = 0.317 ☒ ☒ ☒ Side hop Legnani et al., 2024 P > 0.05¶ ☒ ☒ ☒ ☒ Senorski et al., 2017 ☒ ☒ ☒ IL: 0.76 ± 0.16 vs. 0.6 ± 0.22; P > 0.05§ UL: 0.8 ± 0.15 vs. 0.65 ± 0.16; P > 0.05§ ☒ Welling et al., 2020 98.0 ± 14.1 vs. 91.3 ± 17.1; P = 0.116§ IL: 53.3 ± 13.1 vs. 43.8 ± 17.1; P = 0.021§ UL: 54.4 ± 11.6 vs. 46.9 ± 14.0; P = 0.032§ ☒ ☒ ☒ Balance front hop Niederer et al., 2024 OR = 0.8 (0.3-2.1)‡; P = 0.4†† ☒ ☒ ☒ ☒ Balance side hop Niederer et al., 2024 OR = 0.8 (0.3-2.3)‡; P = 0.8†† ☒ ☒ ☒ ☒ Niederer et al., 2025 ☒ IL: OR = 1 (0.998, 1.002)‡, P = 0.999 ☒ ☒ ☒ Bipedal drop vertical jump Niederer et al., 2024 OR = 1.4 (0.5-3.9)‡; P = 0.4†† ☒ ☒ ☒ ☒ Novaretti et al., 2018 71.9 ± 17.1 vs. 72.1 ± 17.7; P = 0.96§ ☒ ☒ ☒ ☒ Bipodal countermovement jump Legnani et al., 2024 P > 0.05¶ ☒ ☒ ☒ ☒ Single-leg drop vertical jump Ohji et al., 2024 93.7 ± 16.4 vs. 79.8 ± 18.1; P = 0.002§ ☒ ☒ ☒ ☒ Single-leg vertical jump Ohji et al., 2024 92.5 ± 9.8 vs. 87.2 ± 9.3; P = 0.043§ ☒ ☒ ☒ ☒ Senorski et al., 2017 ☒ ☒ ☒ IL:0.25 ± 0.06 vs. 0.24 ± 0.07; P > 0.05§ UL: 0.28 ± 0.05 vs. 0.27 ± 0.05; P > 0.05§ ☒ Square hop Müller et al., 2015 87.5 ± 20.4 vs. 83.8 ± 44.6; P > 0.05§ ☒ ☒ ☒ ☒ Hop test battery Faleide et al., 2021 OR = 1.02 (0.97-1.07)‡; P = 0.425†† ☒ ☒ ☒ ☒ Nawasreh et al., 2018 P < 0.001; R2 = 0.435†† ☒ ☒ ☒ ☒ Webster et al., 2019b OR = 1.03 (1-1.06)‡; P = 0.048†† ☒ ☒ ☒ ☒ † hopping time for 6-meter timed hop, hopping numbers for side hop, hopping length for vertical jump, hopping distance for other hop tests; ‡ median (95% confidence interval); § comparison between return-to-sports (the former) and non-return-to-sports (the latter) groups; ¶ data were presented as box plots; †† result was calculated based on achieving LSI ≥ 90% vs. <90%); Abbreviations: --: data were included in meta-analysis; ☒: not reported; LSI: limb symmetry index; OR: odds ratio; IL: involved limb; UL: uninvolved limb.