Various physical training programs are widely used to enhance vertical jump height, but their relative effectiveness remains debated. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate effectiveness of four training methods -weight resistance, plyometric, complex, and routine training- on vertical jump height. A comprehensive search of six databases (PubMed, ERIC, Google Scholar, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, and Scopus) identified relevant studies coded based on training type, modality, and outcome measures. Methodological quality and statistical analysis were assessed using PEDro scale and R (version 4.1.3) with the 'meta' package. Eight studies revealed that plyometric training and weight resistance exercise increased vertical jump by 5.2 cm (95% CI: 2.6, 7.7 cm; I² = 4.7%) and 9.9 cm (95% CI: 6.7, 13.5 cm; I² = 0.0%), while improved squat jump by 1.5 cm (95% CI: 0.2, 2.6 cm; I² = 0.0%) and 3.1 cm (95% CI: 0.2, 2.6 cm; I² = 16.9%) compared to routine training. Fifteen studies indicated that plyometric training, weight resistance exercise, and complex training increased countermovement jump by 2.0 cm (95% CI: 1.4, 3.7 cm; I² = 0.0%), 2.2 cm (95% CI: 1.4, 3.7 cm; I² = 0.0%), and 5.0 cm (95% CI: 2.5, 7.6 cm; I² = 0.0%) compared to routine training. Complex training was more effective than weight resistance (2.6 cm; 95% CI: 0.2, 5.5 cm) and plyometric training (2.9 cm; 95% CI: 0.2, 5.8 cm), with no significant difference between weight resistance and plyometric training (0.2 cm; 95% CI: -1.0, 2.0 cm). Heterogeneity was low for most comparisons (I² = 0.0% to 16.9%), indicating consistent results across different interventions. This meta-analysis demonstrates that plyometric, weight resistance, and complex training significantly improve vertical, squat, and countermovement jump performance. Weight resistance is effective for vertical and stationary vertical jumps, while complex training is most effective for countermovement jumps.

• Plyometric, weight resistance, and complex training programs significantly enhance vertical jump, squat jump, and countermovement jump performances in athletes, providing valuable evidence for optimizing training regimens.

• Weight resistance training is particularly effective in improving vertical jump and squat jump, whereas complex training is superior for enhancing countermovement jump performances. There is no significant difference between weight resistance and plyometric training for vertical jump improvements.

• The low heterogeneity (I ranging from 0.0% to 16.9%) across studies suggests a high level of consistency and reliability in the findings, supporting robust conclusions about the effectiveness of different physical training programs on jump performance in athletes.