Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
ISSN: 1303 - 2968   
Ios-APP Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
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©Journal of Sports Science and Medicine (2011) 10, 322 - 327

Research article
Selective Activation of the Rectus Abdominis Muscle During Low-Intensity and Fatiguing Tasks
Paulo H. Marchetti1, , André F. Kohn2, Marcos Duarte1
Author Information
1 School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Brazil
2 Escola Politécnica, PTC, University of São Paulo, Brazil

Paulo H. Marchetti
✉ Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo Av. Prof. Mello de Moraes, 65, São Paulo/SP, Brazil, 05508-030
Email: dr.pmarchetti@gmail.com
Publish Date
Received: 08-03-2010
Accepted: 25-02-2011
Published (online): 01-06-2011
 
 
ABSTRACT

In order to understand the potential selective activation of the rectus abdominis muscle, we conducted two experiments. In the first, subjects performed two controlled isometric exercises: the curl up (supine trunk raise) and the leg raise (supine bent leg raise) at low intensity (in which only a few motor units are recruited). In the second experiment, subjects performed the same exercises, but they were required to maintain a certain force level in order to induce fatigue. We recorded the electromyographic (EMG) activities of the lower and upper portions of the rectus abdominis muscle during the exercises and used spatial-temporal and frequency analyses to describe muscle activation patterns. At low-intensity contractions, the ratio between the EMG intensities of the upper and lower portions during the curl up exercise was significantly larger than during the leg raise exercise (p = 0.02). A cross-correlation analysis indicated that the signals of the abdominal portions were related to each other and this relation did not differ between the tasks (p = 0.12). In the fatiguing condition, fatigue for the upper portion was higher than for the lower portion during the curl up exercise (p = 0.008). We conclude that different exercises evoked, to a certain degree, individualized activation of each part of the rectus abdominis muscle, but different portions of the rectus abdominis muscle contributed to the same task, acting like a functional unit. These results corroborate the relevance of varying exercise to modify activation patterns of the rectus abdominis muscle.

Key words: Motor control, electromyography, biomechanics, exercise


           Key Points
  • Selective activation of the rectus abdominis muscle is possible because this muscle has different portions (which can have different motor fibers in series) which can be innervated by different nerves as well as by a common nerve branch.
  • Changes in body position and exercise intensity cre-ate different demands for the different portions of the rectus abdominis muscle.
  • Exercise variation seems to be valid to modify the activation patterns of the rectus abdominis muscle.
 
 
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